Mining refers to the extraction of the minerals from the earth such as Iron ore, Manganese, Gold, Coal, Diamond and Petroleum.
Types of the Mining:
1. Open cast mining: Extracting the mineral ore is by removing the soil for example: Coal &„ Iron ore.
2. Under ground mining: The method of extracting mineral ore’s from the greater depth through drilling and pumping for example: Petroleum & Natural gas.
3. Shaft mining: It is a method obtain minerals that are located at greater depth for example: Coal, lead, Iron ore etc.
Advantages:
- It’s the source of employment.
- Which supplies valuable minerals ore’s to the mankind.
- It provides raw materials to the mineral based industries.
- It develops secondary and tertiary activities of the human beings.
Disadvantages:
- Depletion of the environment for ex: iron ore mining in Bellary has creates environmental degradation in Karnataka.
- Minerals are exhaustible in its nature.
- Water resource are affected and polluted.
- Both flora and fauna are affected by mining.
