(i) y2 + 2y – 48
y2 + 2y – 48
= y2 + 8y - 6y – 48
= y(y + 8) – 6(y + 8)
= (y + 8) (y – 6)
(ii) d2 – 4d – 45
d2 – 4d – 45
= d2 – 9d + 5 d – 45
= d (d – 9) + 5 (d – 9)
= (d – 9) (d + 5)
(iii) m2 + 16m + 63
m2 + 16m + 63
= m2 + 9m + 7m + 63
= m (m + 9) + 7 (m + 9)
= (m + 9) (m + 7)
(iv) n2 – 19n – 92
n2 – 19n – 92
= n2 – 23n + 4n – 92
= n (n – 23) + 4 (n – 23)
= (n – 23) (n + 4)
(v) p2 – 10p + 16
p2 – 10p + 16
= p2 – 8p – 2p + 16
= p (p – 8) – 2(p – 8)
= (p – 8) (p – 2)
(vi) x2 + 4x – 45
x2 + 4x – 45
= x2 + 9x – 5x – 45
= x (x + 9) – 5(x + 9)
= (x + 9) (x – 5)