Question

Indicate the types of bonds present in NH4⁺ and NO3^- and state the mode of hybridisation of two N atoms.

Answer 1

NH₄⁺ ion contains three covalent bonds and one dative bond (formed by the donation of lone pair of electrons on N in NH₃ to H⁺ ion). NO₃⁻ ion contains covalent and dative bonds. The bond between NH₄⁺ and NO₃⁻ is ionic. N of NH₄⁺ is sp³ hybridised and the shape of NH₄⁺ ion is tetrahedral. N of NO₃⁻ ion is sp³ hybridised and the shape of NO₃⁻ ion is planar.