Question

Differentiate between the following (with examples)

(i) Open and closed system

(ii) Adiabatic and isothermal process

(iii) State function and path function

Answer 1

(i) Open and closed system

Open System	Closed System
It can exchange matter as well as energy with its surroundings.	It does not exchange matter with its surroundings but can exchange energy in the form of heat.
e.g. Reaction mixture in open beaker.	e.g. Hot water in closed container.

(ii) Adiabatic and isothermal process

Adiabatic Process	Isothermal Process
In this process, no heat can flow in or out of the system.	In this process, temperature remains constant.
i.e. dq = 0	i.e. dT = 0

(iii) State function and path function

State Function	Path Function
The variables which depend upon the initial and final states of a system are called state functions. e.g. Internal energy Pressure, Volume Enthalpy etc.	The variables which depend upon path the followed are called path functions. E.g. Heat, Work etc.