Sporozoite
I. Symptoms of malaria:
1. Fever accompanied by shivering.
2. Joint pain or arthralgia. 3. Vomiting.
4. Anaemia caused due to rupture of RBCs or haemolysis.
5. Haemoglobinuria.
6. Retinal damage.
7. Convulsions
8. Cyclical occurrence of sudden coldness followed by rigor and then fever and sweating lasting for four to six hours. This is called a classic symptom of malaria.
9. Splenomegaly or enlarged spleen, severe headache, cerebral ischemia, hepatomegaly, i. e. enlarged liver, hypoglycaemia and haemoglobinuria with renal failure may occur in severe infections.
II. Spread / Transmission of malaria:
1. Malaria parasite is transmitted through the female Anopheles mosquito and hence it is known as mosquito-borne disease. Mosquito acts as a vector.
2. There are four species of Plasmodium, viz., P. vivax, P. falciparum, P. ovale and P. malariae which transmit malaria.
