Question

Linoleic and linolenic acid are not synthesized in the mammary gland and have to be supplied in the diet; they are therefore called
1. Unsaturated fatty acids
2. Essential fatty acids
3. Polyenoic acids
4. None of above

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 2 : Essential fatty acids

Two unsaturated fatty acids—linoleic and α-linolenic acids are termed essential fatty acids because humans must obtain them from their diets. Both substances are required for normal growth and development, but the human body does not synthesize them.

1. The body uses linoleic acid to synthesize many of the other unsaturated fatty acids, such as arachidonic acid, a precursor for the synthesis of prostaglandins. 

2. In addition, essential fatty acids are necessary for the efficient transport and metabolism of cholesterol.

3. The average daily diet should contain about 4–6 g of essential fatty acids.

Fatty Acids	Structural Formula	Source
linoleic acid	C17H31COOH	Canola oil
α-linolenic acid	C17H29COOH	Flax-seed