Correct Answer - Option 1 : The magnetic force on the current-carrying wire is strongest when the current is perpendicular to magnetic field lines
The correct answer is option 1) i.e. The magnetic force on the current-carrying wire is strongest when the current is perpendicular to magnetic field lines
CONCEPT:
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Lorentz force: A charged particle moving relative to a magnetic field experiences a force due to the magnetic field. This force is called the Lorentz force.
- When a charged particle q is moving with a velocity of v in a magnetic field of intensity B, the Lorentz force (F) is given by:
\(⇒ F = q(\vec{v}× \vec{B})=qvB\, sinθ\)
Here, the velocity of the particle along a length of wire l in time t can be expressed as:
\(\vec{v}=\frac{l}{t}\)
\(⇒ F = \frac{qlB\, sinθ}{t}=IlB\, sinθ\) (∵ q/t = charge per unit time = current)
EXPLANATION:
The magnetic force on a current-carrying wire is given by:
F = ILBsinθ.
Thus, F will be maximum when sinθ = 1 i.e. θ = 90∘
- θ is the angle between the direction of current (I) and magnetic field (B).
- Thus, the magnetic force on the current-carrying wire is strongest when the current is perpendicular to magnetic field lines.
