Correct Answer - Option 1 : essay-type examination
The essay-type examination, in contrast to the objective tests, allows relative freedom of response to a given problem. These tests require the child to recall rather than recognize information, and also organize and express his ideas clearly and concisely. Ordinarily, an essay-type test consists of fewer questions than an objective test because of the time required to answer the questions.
Advantages
- The main advantage of essay questions is that they can measure complex learning outcomes of higher-order learning objectives and this use is not confined to recall of facts only.
- The second advantage of such a question (especially extended response type) is its emphasis on the integration and application of thinking and problem-solving skills. A third advantage is its ease of construction.
Disadvantages
- The essay type-examination is highly subjective and biased.
- The most serious limitation is its reliability of scoring and this fact is well known to all. Though many a time this unreliability occurs because of the absence of clearly defined intent of questions, proper framing, clearly defined scoring rule scheme, and proper training in scoring.
- The second limitation may be attributed to the time required for scoring.
- The third limitation of such questions is the limited coverage of the subject matter or course content. Inadequate coverage makes an essay-type question ineffective for the purpose of proper evaluation.
Hence, we can conclude that a highly subjective examination is an essay-type examination.
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Oral examination: In the oral test of the oral examination, the examiner presents the questions using the spoken word and the examinee responds in the same manner. This type of test is considered by many to be the only legitimate form of oral examination. The oral test is exceedingly time-consuming, especially when it involves in-depth questioning. Of all the methods available for the collection of test data, this is the least efficient.
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Objective tests present students with a highly structured task that limits their response to supply a word, a number, a symbol or to select the answer from among the given number of alternatives.
